Comparación de dos piezas bucales en la medición de PImáx y PEmáx en sujetos adultos / Comparison of two mouthpieces in the measurement of MIP and MEP in adults

Objetivos: Comparar y establecer el grado de acuerdo entre los valores de Presión Inspiratoria máxima (PImáx) y Presión Espiratoria máxima (PEmáx) medidos con pipeta bucal y boquilla de buceo, en adultos. El objetivo secundario fue evaluar el grado de acuerdo entre los valores calculados con las ecuaciones de Evans y Whitelaw y los valores máximos obtenidos con cada interfaz. Materiales y método: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal. Se realizó un muestreo consecutivo no probabilístico de sujetos argentinos entre 18 y 69 años de edad. Se midieron PImáx y PEmáx utilizando un sistema de válvulas unidireccionales y un manovacuómetro aneroide, con boquilla de buceo y pipeta bucal. Resultados: Se incluyeron 240 sujetos que completaron la totalidad de las mediciones con ambas interfaces. Los valores de PEmáx con pipeta bucal fueron mayores que los obtenidos con boquilla de buceo (p < 0.01), con un Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (ICC sigla en inglés) entre ambas de 0.80 (IC 95% 0.74-0.84). Para PImáx no hubo diferencias entre ambas interfaces, con un ICC de 0.88 (IC 95% 0.85-0.91). Los ICC para las ecuaciones de Evans y Whitelaw y los máximos valores alcanzados por los sujetos fueron de -0.15 a 0.09 mostraron un grado de acuerdo pobre. Conclusión: Los valores de PEmáx con pipeta bucal fueron mayores que los obtenidos con la boquilla de buceo. No se detectaron diferencias entre ambas interfaces para PImáx. En la población estudiada las fórmulas de Evans y Whitelaw no fueron exitosas en la predicción de presiones máximas.

Objectives: To compare and establish the degree of agreement between the values of Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) measured with a plastic mouthpiece and a scuba type mouthpiece in adults. The secondary objective was to evaluate the degree of agreement between the values calculated with Evans and Whitelaw equation and the maximal values attained with each mouthpiece. Methods: We conducted an analytical observational transversal study. Sampling was non-probabilistic, of Argentinian subjects aged between 18 and 69 years old. We measured MIP and MEP with an unidirectional valves system and an aneroid manovacuometer, with a plastic mouthpiece and a scuba type mouthpiece. Results: 240 subjects were included and completed all the measurements with both mouthpieces. MEP values were higher when measured with a plastic mouthpiece than with the scuba type (p < 0.01), with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) between both of 0.80 (CI 95% 0.74-0.84). There were no differences in MIP between both mouthpieces, with an ICC of 0.88 (CI 95% 0.85-0.91). The ICC between Evans and Whitelaw predictive values and the maximal values attained by the subjects varied from -0.15 to 0.09, showing a poor degree of agreement. Conclusion: MEP values attained with a plastic mouthpiece are greater than those attained with a scuba type mouthpiece. There are no differences between both mouthpieces for MIP. Evans and Whitelaw equations are not successful in predicting maximal pressures in the population here studied.

Comparison of two mouthpieces in the measurement of MIP and MEP in adults

Objectives: To compare and establish the degree of agreement between the values of Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) measured with a plastic mouthpiece and a scuba type mouthpiece in adults. The secondary objective was to evaluate the degree of agreement between the values calculated with the equations by Evans and Whitelaw and the maximal values attained with each interface. Materials and Method: We conducted an observational, descriptive, prospective transversal study. We carried out a consecutive, non-probabilistic sampling of Argentinian subjects aged between 18 and 69 years. We measured the MIP and MEP with a unidirectional valve system and an aneroid manovacuometer, with a plastic mouthpiece and a scuba type mouthpiece. Results: A total of 240 subjects were included and completed all the measurements with both interfaces. MEP values were higher when measured with a plastic mouthpiece compared to the scuba type (p < 0.01), with an Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) between them of 0.80 (95% CI [confidence interval]: 0.74-0.84). There were no differences in the MIP between both interfaces, with an ICC of 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.91). The ICC between the equations by Evans and Whitelaw and the maximal values attained by the subjects varied from -0.15 to 0.09, showing a low degree of agreement. Conclusion: MEP values attained with a plastic mouthpiece are greater than those attained with the scuba type mouthpiece. There are no differences between both interfaces for the MIP. Evans and Whitelaw equations were not successful in predicting maximal pressures in the population under study.

Efeito de diferentes colutórios sobre a microdureza de resinas compostas fotopolimerizáveis / Effect of different mouthwashes on microhardness of photopolymerizable composite resins

Introdução: Na Odontologia, as resinas são utilizadas como materiais restauradores, para o restabelecimento da estética, da função e da forma dos dentes. Objetivo: Avaliar in vitro a microdureza das resinas Filtek Z350 XT® e Filtek Z250 XT®, submetidas ao contato direto quando expostas a colutórios. Material e método: Dez corpos de prova foram confeccionados em uma matriz de náilon, em dois incrementos, e foram fotoativados por 20 s. A homogeneidade da amostra foi verificada através dos testes Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis, e uma variância paramétrica foi realizada (ANOVA) para a análise de significância, aplicando-se o teste de Tukey a fim de comparar os resultados (α=5%). Resultado: O maior valor médio foi apresentado pelo grupo G1 (Filtek Z350 XT- água destilada- controle) - 138,22(±21,8) e os menores valores foram do grupo G9 (Filtek Z250 XT- Solução de Camomila) - 87,12(±4,39) e do grupo G10 (Filtek Z250 XT- Solução de Romã) - 99,32(±11,10). A resina Filtek Z350 XT foi superior à resina Filtek Z250 XT (p=0,015). Conclusão: A resina Filtek Z350 XT apresentou melhores resultados quando estes foram comparados aos resultados da Filtek Z250 XT.

Introduction: In dentistry, resins are used as restorative materials for the reconstruction of aesthetics, function and shape of teeth. Aim: To evaluate in vitro the microhardness of Filtek Z350 XT® and Filtek Z250 XT® resins subjected to direct contact when exposed to mouthwashes. Material and method: Ten specimens were prepared in a nylon matrix in two increments and photoactivated for 20s. The homogeneity of the sample was verified through the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests and a parametric variance was performed (ANOVA), and for Tukey significance analysis (α=5%). Result The highest mean value was presented by group G1 (Filtek Z350 XT- distilled water- control) - 138.22 (±21.8), and the least values ​​were from group G9 (Filtek Z250 XT- Chamomile Solution) - 87.12 (±4.39) and the G10 group (Filtek Z250 XT - Pomegranate solution) - 99.32 (±11.10). Filtek Z350 XT resin was superior to Filtek Z250 XT (p=0.015). Conclusion Filtek Z350 XT resin presented better results than Filtek Z250 XT.

Single operation video intubationscope assisted by mouthpiece in orotracheal intubation / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To evaluate the effect of single operation video intubationscope assisted by disposable mouthpiece in orotracheal intubation. Methods 100 patients undergoing general anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups with 50 cases in each: mouthpiece group (group M): single operation video intubationscope assisted by disposable mouthpiece in orotracheal intubation was performed; control group (group C): Video intubationscope oral intubation assisted by helper were applied. The BP, MAP, HR and SpO2 in the two groups were recorded during intubation. The success rate of intubation, duration of glottis exposure, duration of intubation and complications were recorded. Results Oral-tracheal intubation with video intubationscope were successfully completed for all 100 pa-tients, SpO2 during intubation in two groups was maintained above 95.0%, there was no significant hemodynamic changes in two groups. There were no significant difference in the one-time success rate of intubation, duration of glottis exposure and duration of intubation between group M and group C [92.0%vs 88.0%, (13.0 ±7.0) vs (14.0 ±8.0), (20.0 ± 10.0) vs (21.0 ± 11.0), > 0.05]. No significant complications were reported. Conclusion Compared with video intubationscope oral intubation assisted by helper, single operation video intubationscope assisted by dis-posable mouthpiece in orotracheal intubation also is feasible and effective without needing assistant, it is a simple and convenient technology worthy of application.

Efecto del uso de instrumentos de viento en las malocusiones dentarias: revisión de la literatura / Effect of the use of wind instruments in dental malocclusion: Literature review

El diseño de la embocadura adecuada, requiere por parte de los músicos muchos años y horas de práctica, desarrollando y manteniendo posturas prolongadas que suponen una sobrecarga para órganos que no están diseñados para el esfuerzo continuado. El presente artículo refleja estudios realizados, donde se recabó información que refleja la relación entre las maloclusiones y el uso de instrumentos viento madera, observando como influye en la maloclusión que padece cada paciente, el instrumento que toca, el número de horas semanales que práctica, la edad del inicio de la ejecución, el tipo de boquilla que posee el instrumento. Se puede resaltar que los resultados de estudios previos arrojaron como resultado que la maloclusión con mayor prevalencia es la Clase I tipo I, seguida por la clase II División 2 . Según los resultados se puede concluir que los instrumentos musicales de viento deben ser tomados en cuenta como factores postnatales ambientales etiológicos de maloclusiones dentarias

The design of the mouth proper, required by musicians for many years and hours of practice, developing and maintaining long positions that can strain bodies are not designed for continuous effort. This article reflects studies where information was collected that reflects the relationship between malocclusions and the use of woodwind instruments, observing how malocclusion affects each patient suffering, the instrument he plays, the number of hours a week practicing, age of onset of implementation, nozzle type which has the instrument. One may notice that the results of previous studies yielded the result that the most prevalent malocclusion is Class I type I, followed by Class II Division 2. According to the results we can conclude that the wind instruments should be taken into account as environmental etiologic postnatal factors of dental malocclusion

Ingestion of a Mouthpiece Fragment during Intravenous Sedated Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: Three Cases / 대한소화기내시경학회지

The demand for intravenous sedated upper gastrointestianl endoscopy is currently increasing steeply. Despite this trend, patient status complication due to this procedure is largerly neglected by most physicians. Recently, in three patients, mouthpiece fragment were left within the patients' body after intravenous sedated upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. They were transferred to our institution for the removal of the fragment. The patients complained of an uneasy sensation from within their body, around their necks and chests. After conducting therapeutic endoscopy, the fragment could be located around the distal part of their esophagus and within their stomach. The fragment were removed successfully by using snare in two patients, and by using forceps in another patient.